Welding; theory, practice, apparatus and tests, electric, thermit and hot-flame processes by Hart Richard N. (Richard Newell) b. 1882

Author:Hart, Richard N. (Richard Newell), b. 1882
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Welding
Publisher: New York [etc.] McGraw-Hill book company
Published: 1910-03-25T05:00:00+00:00

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son Goodyear Company and sold by the Roessler & Hasslacher Chemical Company.

To make oxygen several holes are punched in the top and bottom of the can and it is placed in the generator. The generator is filled with water to the mark, closed and the needle

Fig. 41.—Oxone oxygen generator (the Roessler and Hasslacher Chemical

Company).

valve opened. Opening the valve lets water in on the Oxone, and oxygen begins to come off. It is claimed to be 99 per cent pure; the trace of water vapor is removed by washing, and the delivered gas is then practically pure. The safety valve of the generator is set at five pounds and the delivery valve at three.

Fig. 42.—Oxygne burner (the Roessler and Hasslacher Chemical Company.)

Closing the needle valve stops the generating. Soda lye is the by-product. In cleaning out the generator be careful not to get the strong lye on the hands nor clothing.

This oxygen is expensive, very pure, and the apparatus easily

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portable. Hence it can be used to make gas for reinforcing the air in submarines or imder-ground or under-water workings and by jewelers, dentists, assayers, and silversmiths. For burning this oxygen the company furnishes a special torch (Fig. 42). The other gas of combustion is sulfuric ether; or acetylene, gasoline vapor, or coal gas can be used. The oxygen-ether flame is ideal for jewelers and dentists. Figure 43 shows a handy furnace for melting down metals.

Fig. 43-—Oxone furnace for dentists and jewelers (the Roessler and Hasslacher

Chemical Company).

Acetylene, —Acetylene is a heavy, combustible gas with a strong odor, and was first made by Davy in 1837. It is produced by the reaction between water and calcium carbid according to the formula—

CaC^ +IL^O = C;a.^ +Ca02

The principal impurities of the freshly generated gas are ammonia and hydrogen phosphid and sulphid. These are removed by washing the gas in different solutions which will react upon these gases.

Acetylene is endothermic. So that the great heat of its combustion is the sum of its endothermic factor and the factor for carbon monoxid or dioxid. For this reason acetylene bums with tremendous heat with oxygen. The intense white light of combustion in air is attributed to the nascent carbon particles.

Mixed with air, acetylene is explosive between the range of 2 per cent, gas, 98 per cent, air; and 49 per cent, gas, 51 per

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THE OXY-ACETYLENE PROCESS

91

cent air. This is a very wide range and makes the gas a troublesome one imless used with care. The odor, which is attributed to a small proportion of hydrocarbons, is offensive, but helps to detect leakage. Though there are instances of asphyxiation by - this gas, it has been shown that pure acetylene is not a poisonous gas.

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